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What usually happens in this part
The discussion part often comes after shorter questions. The examiner may connect it to an earlier topic. For example, after you talk about a trip, they may ask about tourism in general. The questions are more abstract. They ask about people, society, the past or the future. The examiner may ask follow-up questions like "Why?" or "Can you give an example?" This is normal. It does not mean your answer was wrong. It is a chance to say more.
That's an interesting question. Let me think for a moment.
In my opinion, it depends on the situation.
I think most people would agree that...
Give a clear opinion first
Start with your main idea. Say it early and simply. Then you can add more. A simple plan helps: opinion, reason, example. For example: "I think public transport is better than cars in big cities. It's cheaper for many people and better for the air. In my city, the buses are always full in the morning." You can also say you agree a little, or that you see both sides. All of these are opinions.
I strongly believe that...
Personally, I'd say that...
I partly agree, but...
Explain your reasons and give examples
A reason makes your opinion stronger. Use small linking words: because, so, for example, also, but. Your example can come from your life, your home country, or something you saw. It does not need to be a fact with numbers. A short story from your life is often the easiest. If you cannot think of an example, you can describe what you think usually happens.
The main reason is that...
For example, in my home country...
From my own experience, ...
Talk about both sides
Some questions ask you to compare, like "advantages and disadvantages" or "then and now." Try to show two sides, then say what you think. This sounds balanced and helps you speak for longer. You can also talk about different groups of people, like young and older people, or people in cities and in the countryside. At the end, return to your own view.
On the one hand..., but on the other hand...
For young people it's different, because...
Overall, I still think that...
When you don't know what to say
Sometimes a question is hard or the topic is new to you. That is okay. You can take a short pause with a phrase. You can ask the examiner to repeat or explain the question. You can say honestly that you have not thought about it before, and then share your best idea. Try not to stay silent for a long time. Saying something simple is usually better than saying nothing.
Sorry, could you say that again, please?
I haven't really thought about that before, but I guess...
That's a difficult one. Maybe the answer is...
Common questions
How long should my answers be?
There is no fixed rule. A good habit is to say a few sentences: your opinion, a reason and an example. Very short answers like "Yes" or "I don't know" give the examiner little to hear. Very long answers can lose their point. Listen to the examiner. They may move on or ask you more.
What if my opinion is unusual?
That is fine. Usually the examiner is listening to your English, not judging your ideas. You can share any honest opinion, as long as you explain it clearly. If you prefer not to share a personal view, you can talk about what many people think instead.
Can I change my mind while I am speaking?
Yes. People do this in real conversations. You can say, "Actually, now that I think about it..." and continue. This can even sound natural. Just try to make your final opinion clear at the end.